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THE BLUE ECONOMY IN NIGERIA: HARNESSING ITS POTENTIALS WHILE MITIGATING CLIMATE CHANGE by Daniel  ~Kip, Esq . Introduction The first appearance of the term ‘Blue Economy’ (BE) dates back to 2009, at the congress of the Senate Committee on Commerce, Science and Transportation of the United States. In that same year, the International Symposium on Blue Economy Initiative for Green Growth in Korea took place, where “the concept of using ocean resources in a way that respects the environment” featured. Blue economy has become the most widely used term, although its conceptualisation differs across stakeholders and countries. In finance circles, the term has largely focused on the decarbonisation of existing ocean economy activities as the world transitions to net zero greenhouse gas emissions to meet the Paris Agreement temperature targets. The term broadly relates to a sustainable ocean economy – the economic activities associated with the ocean, seas and coastal regions –...

A Comparative Analysis of the Adequacy of Costs Awarded to Successful Litigants by Nigerian Courts and Those in the United Kingdom Introduction The principle of awarding costs to successful litigants is a fundamental part of civil litigation worldwide, aimed at compensating the victorious party for expenses reasonably incurred during legal proceedings. In Nigeria, the award of costs is regulated by statutory provisions, rules of court, and judicial discretion. However, concerns persist about the adequacy of these costs, particularly when compared to those awarded in jurisdictions like the United Kingdom, from which Nigeria derived much of its legal framework. This paper critically examines the adequacy of costs awarded in Nigerian courts vis-à-vis the UK, with reference to legal principles, statutory provisions, and case law examples. The Legal Framework for Awarding Costs Nigeria 1. Statutory Basis: Costs in Nigerian courts are governed by various procedural rules such as...